The defunct dictatorship has torn apart the fabric of Syrian society in all its diversity and turned the system of values upside down. Corruption and tyranny became the measure regulating the relationship between the state and the citizen, while all forms of civil and political resistance were crushed with the harshest of means. The revolutionary uprising of the youth on March 18, 2011, was the cry of a generation that refused to endure the displacement, imprisonment, and injustices suffered by those before them. Yet the decaying dictatorship did not merely confront the rising crowds with live bullets and mass arrests; it also released extremist groups from its prisons to help it extinguish the civil and national movement, which was meant to be the most important since the Great Syrian Revolt. From the very first months, every state aspiring to influence Syrian affairs and the future of its people rushed to seize whatever it could—through militarization, sectarianism, or distortion of the movement that posed a threat to all similar regimes in substance, however different in form. With these foreign interventions, reckless armament, and external attempts to control Syria’s resources—along with the occupation of parts of Syrian territory by the Zionist entity